About 150ml of air always remains in the respiratory passage called as dead space.Out of 500ml of air inspired during normal respiration, 350ml are exchanged across the walls of the alveolar ducts.The lungs and the air passages are never empty.It is normally about 5000-6000 ml in adult.This is the maximum amount of air the lungs can hold after forceful inspiration.VC of athletes is more than normal person.This is the maximum volume of air which can be expired after forceful inspiration in single breath.This is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after forceful expiration.The functional residual volume also prevents collapse of the alveoli on expiration.this means that exchange of gases is not interrupted between breath. Breathing patterns refer to the respiratory rate, which is defined as the frequency of breaths over a period of time, as well as the amount of air cycled during breathing (tidal volume). It is equal to ERV+ RV= 1100+1200= 2300ml.ue the pr ocess of respiration. tidal volume: The amount of air displaced or exchanged in a single breath.This is the amount of air remaining in the lungs after normal expiration.It consists of the tidal volume (500 ml) plus the inspiratory reserve volume.This is the amount of air that can be inspired with maximum effort.This is the total volume of air which can be expelled from the lungs forcefully during normal expiration.This is the volume of air that can be inhaled into the lungs during normal inspiration.This is the amount of air passing into and out of the lungs during each cycle of breathing.The amount of air present in lung under different condition is known as pulmonary air volume and the capacities of lungs to hold air varies according to conditions.The amount of air exchanged during breathing is measured by an instrument called Spirometer or Resprometer. In normal quiet breathing there are about 15 complete respiratory cycles per minute. It measures lung function, specifically the amount (volume) and/or speed (flow) of air that can be inhaled and exhaled.Total lung capacity- Maximum amount of air that can be held at any time in the two lungs, called total lung capacity. The average Residual Volume (RV) in healthy males is about 1200 ml. Residual volume- The volume of air that remains in the lungs even after maximum or forceful expiration. Vital capacity- The maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inhalation. Expiratory reserve volume- The expiratory reserve volume (ERV)is the additional air that can be forcibly exhaled after the expiration of a normal tidal volume. It is the additional air that can be forcibly inhaled after the inspiration of a normal tidal volume.ĥ. Inspiratory reserve volume- The inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), about 3,000 mL. Alveolar air- The tidal volume contained in alveoli. a) pulmonary ventilation it means the inflow and outflow of air between the atmosphere and the lung alveoli b) diffusion of oxygen and CO2 between the. Dead air space- Some of the air in the trachea and bronchi do not take part in breathing, called dead air space. The expiratory reserve volume (ERV), about 1,200 mL, is the additional air that can be. The inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), about 3,100 mL, is the additional air that can be forcibly inhaled after the inspiration of a normal tidal volume. Tidal volume- The amount of air breathed in and out in normal quiet breathing. The tidal volume (TV), about 500 mL, is the amount of air inspired during normal, relaxed breathing.
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